هي أكبر جزيرة في أوروبا وتاسع أكبر جزيرة في العالم، و هو أيضا ثالث أكبر جزيرة مأهولة على وجه الأرض ، يبلغ عدد سكانها 58 مليون نسمة. يحيط بها أكثر من 1000 جزيرة كبيرة وصغيرة.
كما أن بريطانيا مصطلح سياسي يصف تجمع إنجلترا، أسكتلندا وويلز، التي تشكل منطقة الجزيرة بالرغم أن هناك جزرا أخرى تابعة لكل منها.
ايثيلوالف هو ابن ايجبرت وبديل ملك كنت . تولى عرش ويسيكس بعد وفاه ابية عام 839 .حكمه وصف بغزوات الفيكينق و كره كل حكام انجلترا في ذلك الوقت , لكن صنعه للحروب ليس هو السبب الرئيسي في جعله مشهورا . عرف ايثيلوالف بتدينه الشديد وتاسيسه وحفظه للكنائس .كان ايضاً رجلا غنياً و متحكما واسع الثروات .و كان يعطي روما و منازل الدين بسخاء فيما يحتاجونه .
Timeline
839Aethelwulf succeeds his father Egbert as King of Wessex
841 - Vikings raid Kent and East Anglia, and establish a settlement at Dublin
842 - Many die in London and Rochester during Viking raids
844 - Kenneth MacAlpine, King of the Scots, conquers the Picts; founds a unified Scotland
845 - Danes are defeated by a Saxon force at the River Parrett
851 - Danish forces enter Thames estuary and march on Canterbury
855 - Aethelwulf goes on a pilgimage to Rome accompanied by his son Alfred
858 - Aethelwulf returns but finds his son has taken control of Wessex
841 - Vikings raid Kent and East Anglia, and establish a settlement at Dublin
842 - Many die in London and Rochester during Viking raids
844 - Kenneth MacAlpine, King of the Scots, conquers the Picts; founds a unified Scotland
845 - Danes are defeated by a Saxon force at the River Parrett
851 - Danish forces enter Thames estuary and march on Canterbury
855 - Aethelwulf goes on a pilgimage to Rome accompanied by his son Alfred
858 - Aethelwulf returns but finds his son has taken control of Wessex
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4- King Aethelbald 856 - 860
Born: c.831
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 858
Married: Judith, dau. Charles the Bald, king of the Franks. She was his step mother.
Died: December 20, 860
بينما كان ابيه ايثيلوالف في رحلة طويلة الى روما في عام 855 ايثلبالد ابنه تامر مع Bishop of Sherbourne و the ealdorman of Somerset ضد والده . تفاصيل الموامرة غير معروفة . لكن بمجرد عودة ابيه من روما وجد سلطته محدودة في مملكة كنت . بينما ابنه يحكم ويسكيس.
توفي ابيه في عام 858 وجميع حكم ابيه انتقل الى ابنه اثيلبالد الذي تزوج ارملة ابيه جوديث . على اية حال تحت الضغط من الكنيسة زواجه ابطل من الكنيسة بعد مرور سنه على زواجهما .
ربما إنتزع السلطة من ابيه قبل آوانه ربما بسبب عدم الصبر او الجشع او افتقار الى الثقة بالنفس في خطة خلافة ابيه .على اية حال هو لم يعش طويلا مستمتعا بحكمه . فلقد توفي في 860 وتسلم عرشه من بعده اخيه ايثيلبيرت
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 858
Married: Judith, dau. Charles the Bald, king of the Franks. She was his step mother.
Died: December 20, 860
بينما كان ابيه ايثيلوالف في رحلة طويلة الى روما في عام 855 ايثلبالد ابنه تامر مع Bishop of Sherbourne و the ealdorman of Somerset ضد والده . تفاصيل الموامرة غير معروفة . لكن بمجرد عودة ابيه من روما وجد سلطته محدودة في مملكة كنت . بينما ابنه يحكم ويسكيس.
توفي ابيه في عام 858 وجميع حكم ابيه انتقل الى ابنه اثيلبالد الذي تزوج ارملة ابيه جوديث . على اية حال تحت الضغط من الكنيسة زواجه ابطل من الكنيسة بعد مرور سنه على زواجهما .
ربما إنتزع السلطة من ابيه قبل آوانه ربما بسبب عدم الصبر او الجشع او افتقار الى الثقة بالنفس في خطة خلافة ابيه .على اية حال هو لم يعش طويلا مستمتعا بحكمه . فلقد توفي في 860 وتسلم عرشه من بعده اخيه ايثيلبيرت
Timeline
858Aethelbald marries his father's widow Judith
860 - Vikings land on Icleand
860 - Vikings land on Icleand
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اصبح ملك مدينة ويسيكس بمجرد موت اخيه ايثيلبالد .خلال حكمه ,الدانيس عادوا وبعد فترة قليلة جيش الدانيس وصل إما عبر مدينة ثيمس او الساحل الجنوبي وتقدموا حتى وينتشستر قبل ان يهزموا بواسطة مدينة ساكسون . وبقرب نهاية حكمه وصل الكثير من القوات المنظمة تحت قيادة اللورد بروك من مدينة رانجور. اسطولهُ كان يهاجم الساحل الشرقي من انجلترا , و بالتحديد نورثامريا . و في شتاء عام 864-865 اقاموا في مدينة ثانيت . بالرغم من انه كان بينهم وبين مدينة ساكسون معاهدة , الدينس سرقوا شرق مدينة كنت . توفي اثيلبرت عام 866Timeline
860Aethelbert becomes King of Wessex following the death of his brother Aethelbald
860 - Winchester sacked by the Danes
866 - Vikings take York (Jorvik) and establish a North British Kingdom
860 - Winchester sacked by the Danes
866 - Vikings take York (Jorvik) and establish a North British Kingdom
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6- King Aethelred I 866 - 871
Born: c.837
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 866
Married: Wulfrida
Children: 2 sons
Died: 871
Buried at: Wimbourne
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 866
Married: Wulfrida
Children: 2 sons
Died: 871
Buried at: Wimbourne
حكم ايثيلريد كان من اطول مقاومة ضد الدينيس . ايفار واخيه هالفدان تمركزوا في دبلن يهاجمون و تولى مدينة يورك في عام 866 والتي اصبحت مملكة فيكنق ( جورفيك ) . الدينس ساروا جنوبا واحتلوا نوتينغهام . في عام 869 ابحروا الى شرق مدينة انجليا حيث قتلوا ملكها ايدمند . واصبحت مدينة ويسيكس مهدده واخيه الفريد كان متورط في معركه جدية بينه وبين الدينس آيفر و هالفدان و قوثرون . خلال عام 870 -871 الدينس سرقوا ونهبوا كل ما يمر بطريقهم الى مدينة كونتريسايد . و المعركة الاساسية كانت في ميريدون في هامبشاير والتى كانت معركة غير حاسمة . اصيب ايثيلريد اصابة بالغة في معركة من المعارك و توفي بجروحه في ويتشامبتون قريبا من ويمبورن حيث دفن هناك .
Timeline
869 - Vikings invade East Anglia killing the local king Edmund
871 - Defeated by the Danes at Reading
871 - Aethelred and his brother Alfred defeat the Danes at Ashdwon
871 - Battle of Meretun. Ethelred dies of wounds
869 - Vikings invade East Anglia killing the local king Edmund
871 - Defeated by the Danes at Reading
871 - Aethelred and his brother Alfred defeat the Danes at Ashdwon
871 - Battle of Meretun. Ethelred dies of wounds
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7- King Alfred the Great 871 - 899
Born: c.849 at Wantage, Oxfordshire
Parents: Aethelwulf, King of Wessex, and Osburh
Relation to Elizabeth II: 32nd great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 871
Married: Ealhswith of Mercia
Children: 5 children
Died: 899
Buried at: Winchester
Parents: Aethelwulf, King of Wessex, and Osburh
Relation to Elizabeth II: 32nd great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Crowned: 871
Married: Ealhswith of Mercia
Children: 5 children
Died: 899
Buried at: Winchester
ملك انجلو ساكسون من عام 871 الى 899 الذي هزم الدينيس وفتح انجلترا واوجد اول اسطول بحري انجليزي .خلف اخيه ايثيلريد في ولاية عرشة على ويسيكس في عام 871 و ساد الدستور الشرعي في عصره . شجع المترجمين بترجمة الاعمال الثقافية من الاتينية ( والتى قام بترجمة بعض منها بنفسه ) وساعد في ترقية مؤرخ انجلو ساكسون . الذي يضمن ان تُسجل اعماله في التاريخ كا اسطوره . لذلك لدينا الكثير من المعلومات عنه اكثر من اي ملك لـ انجلو ساكسون .
ولد الفريد في وانتيج في اوكسفوردشاير . الابن الاصغر ل ايثيلولف ( ملك غرب ساكسون ) .
في عام 870 حارب الفريد واخيه ايثيلريد في عدة معارك ضد الدينيس . حقق الفريد انتصارات ضد الدينيس في الشادون في عام 871 . وخلف ايثيلريد كملك في ابريل عام 871 وبعد عده معاركة حاسمة والتى هزم فيها الدينس . لم تكن كل حملاته ناجحة , في عدد من المرات كان يلجأ الى دفع مبلغ الى الدينيس لياخذ فترة راحة . خمس سنوات من معاهدة السلام الصعبة بينما كان الدينيس محتل جزء من انجلترا . في عام 876 الدينيس هاجموا مرة اخرى و في عام 878 الفريد اجبر ان يتراجع عن مدينة سترونغهولد . احرقت اسطورته ( التمثال ) ومن المحتمل ان الكيك جاء من هذه الحقبة الزمنية .
رجوعهُ و الانتصارات الرائعة في ايدينقتون في عام 878 ضمن نجاة مدينة ويسيكس . و معاهدة ويدمور مع ملك الدينس قوثرام في عام 886
أسست حدود بين دينلو و شرق شارع ويتلنغ و ساكسون من الغرب . و مؤرخ انجلو ساكسون يقول استيلاهُ على لندن في عام 886 اخضع كل سكان انجلترا له, الا الموالين للدينيس . لذلك اعتبر الفريد اول ملك لانجلترا . الفريد قوى الاسطول ليقوم بشن غارات جديدة .
خلال فترات السلام الفريد حسن وطور تنظيم قواته العسكرية . قسم جنوده الى قسمين نصف في المنزل والنصف الاخر ناشط في الخدمة لتوفير لهم الرحة , ويستطيع استدعائهم لاكمال الغارات . وبداء في بناء الحصون المتينة حوالي المملكة ليضع اسس نظام دفاع منظم . الفريد عرف واشتهر بكونه الموجد لنظام الاسطول البحري. وبنى اسطول لتطوير السفن مزود بالجند ويحرسها الفريزيين ونجح في تحدي الدنيمركين في البحر .
Timeline
871Alfred becomes King of Wessex following the death of his brother Aethelred
872 - London falls to Viking raiders
875 - After persistent attacks by Vikings the monks of Lindesfarne travel through Northumbria and Galloway with the Lindesfarne Gospels.
878 - Guthrum's Danish army invades Wessex, and Alfred takes refuge on the isle of Athelney. Alfred defeats Guthrum at the battle of Ethandune (Edington) in Wiltshire.
878 - Treaty of Wedmore divides England into two. Guthrum accepts baptism as a Christian and agrees to leave Wessex and settle in East Anglia.
884 - Afred defeats the Danes at Rochester
885 - Alfred imposes rules on South Wales
886 - Alfred captures London in Mercia from the Danes. Danelaw - the territory occupied by the Danes in East Anglia is recognised by Alfred
890 - Guthrum dies. Alfred establishs a permanent army and navy
891 - Anglo Saxon Chronicle, source of much early British History, begun
893 - Asser, Bishop of Sherborne, completes his book Life of Alfred the Great
986 - Naval victory over the Danes in the Solent
899 - Alfred dies and is buried at Winchester
Parents: Alfred the Great and Ealswith of Mercia
Relation to Elizabeth II: 31st great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Crowned: June 8, 900 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.29
Married: (1) Ecgywn (2) Elfleda and (3) Edgiva.
Children: 5 sons and 11 daughters
Died: July 17, 924 at Farndon-on-Dee
Buried at: Winchester
ملك غرب ساكسون. خلف والده العظيم الفريد في 899 واستعاد الجنوب الشرقي من انجلترا و والاراضي الوسطى من الدنمركيين , وحد مدينة الويسيكس و ميركيا بمساعدة من اخته ايثيلفليد . وقبل وفاة بوقت قصير
اصبحت مملكته الاكثر قوة في جزر بريطانيا . نجح بمساعدة ابنه اثيلستان . وقام إيدورد بتوسيع نظام الحماية الذي بدأهُ الفريد . وبنى حصون جديدة مثلا في Hertford and Buckingham و حصنين في Bedford و Stamford
Parents: Edward the Elder and Ecgywn
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: July 17, 924
Crowned: September 4, 925 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.30
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: October 27, 940 at Gloucester
Buried at: Malmesbury
Reigned for: 16 years, 3 months, and 10 days
924 - Athelstan becomes King of Wessex and Mercia on the death of his father Edward the Elder.
926 - Athelstan annexes Northumbria, and forces the kings of Wales, Strathclyde, the Picts, and the Scots to submit to him
926 - Athelstan marries his sister to Sihtric the Viking King of York to cement his ties with the North
934 - Athelstan invades Scotland
937 - Battle of Brunanburh: Athelstan defeats alliance of Scots, Celts, Danes, and Vikings, and takes the title of King of all Britain
940 - Athelstan dies at Gloucester and is buried at Malmesbury.
955 - Edwy crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames
956 - Dunstan sent into exile by Edwy
957 - Mercians and Northumbrians rebel against Edwy
959 - Edwy dies in Gloucester
959 - Edgar King of Mercia and Northumbria becomes King of all England.
965 - Westiminster Abbey is founded
973 - Northern Kings submit to Edgar at Chester
975 - Edgar dies at Winchester
Born: c.963
Parents: Edgar and Ethelfleda
Relation to Elizabeth II: half 28th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: July 8, 975
Crowned: 975 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.13
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: March 18, 978 at Corfe Castle (murdered)
Buried at: Wareham reburied Shaftesbury
Reigned for: 2 years, 8 months, and 10 days
Elder son of King Edgar, he succeeded to the throne as a boy of 12, and in so doing, aroused rival claims to the throne from his even younger half-brother, Aethelred II, the Unready. He was murdered by members of Aethelred's household at Corfe Castle in 978.
975 - Edward succeeds to the throne 978 - Edward the Martyr murdered at Corfe Castle
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ولد الفريد في وانتيج في اوكسفوردشاير . الابن الاصغر ل ايثيلولف ( ملك غرب ساكسون ) .
في عام 870 حارب الفريد واخيه ايثيلريد في عدة معارك ضد الدينيس . حقق الفريد انتصارات ضد الدينيس في الشادون في عام 871 . وخلف ايثيلريد كملك في ابريل عام 871 وبعد عده معاركة حاسمة والتى هزم فيها الدينس . لم تكن كل حملاته ناجحة , في عدد من المرات كان يلجأ الى دفع مبلغ الى الدينيس لياخذ فترة راحة . خمس سنوات من معاهدة السلام الصعبة بينما كان الدينيس محتل جزء من انجلترا . في عام 876 الدينيس هاجموا مرة اخرى و في عام 878 الفريد اجبر ان يتراجع عن مدينة سترونغهولد . احرقت اسطورته ( التمثال ) ومن المحتمل ان الكيك جاء من هذه الحقبة الزمنية .
رجوعهُ و الانتصارات الرائعة في ايدينقتون في عام 878 ضمن نجاة مدينة ويسيكس . و معاهدة ويدمور مع ملك الدينس قوثرام في عام 886
أسست حدود بين دينلو و شرق شارع ويتلنغ و ساكسون من الغرب . و مؤرخ انجلو ساكسون يقول استيلاهُ على لندن في عام 886 اخضع كل سكان انجلترا له, الا الموالين للدينيس . لذلك اعتبر الفريد اول ملك لانجلترا . الفريد قوى الاسطول ليقوم بشن غارات جديدة .
خلال فترات السلام الفريد حسن وطور تنظيم قواته العسكرية . قسم جنوده الى قسمين نصف في المنزل والنصف الاخر ناشط في الخدمة لتوفير لهم الرحة , ويستطيع استدعائهم لاكمال الغارات . وبداء في بناء الحصون المتينة حوالي المملكة ليضع اسس نظام دفاع منظم . الفريد عرف واشتهر بكونه الموجد لنظام الاسطول البحري. وبنى اسطول لتطوير السفن مزود بالجند ويحرسها الفريزيين ونجح في تحدي الدنيمركين في البحر .
Timeline
871Alfred becomes King of Wessex following the death of his brother Aethelred
872 - London falls to Viking raiders
875 - After persistent attacks by Vikings the monks of Lindesfarne travel through Northumbria and Galloway with the Lindesfarne Gospels.
878 - Guthrum's Danish army invades Wessex, and Alfred takes refuge on the isle of Athelney. Alfred defeats Guthrum at the battle of Ethandune (Edington) in Wiltshire.
878 - Treaty of Wedmore divides England into two. Guthrum accepts baptism as a Christian and agrees to leave Wessex and settle in East Anglia.
884 - Afred defeats the Danes at Rochester
885 - Alfred imposes rules on South Wales
886 - Alfred captures London in Mercia from the Danes. Danelaw - the territory occupied by the Danes in East Anglia is recognised by Alfred
890 - Guthrum dies. Alfred establishs a permanent army and navy
891 - Anglo Saxon Chronicle, source of much early British History, begun
893 - Asser, Bishop of Sherborne, completes his book Life of Alfred the Great
986 - Naval victory over the Danes in the Solent
899 - Alfred dies and is buried at Winchester
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Born: c.871King Edward The Elder (899 - 924
Parents: Alfred the Great and Ealswith of Mercia
Relation to Elizabeth II: 31st great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Crowned: June 8, 900 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.29
Married: (1) Ecgywn (2) Elfleda and (3) Edgiva.
Children: 5 sons and 11 daughters
Died: July 17, 924 at Farndon-on-Dee
Buried at: Winchester
ملك غرب ساكسون. خلف والده العظيم الفريد في 899 واستعاد الجنوب الشرقي من انجلترا و والاراضي الوسطى من الدنمركيين , وحد مدينة الويسيكس و ميركيا بمساعدة من اخته ايثيلفليد . وقبل وفاة بوقت قصير
اصبحت مملكته الاكثر قوة في جزر بريطانيا . نجح بمساعدة ابنه اثيلستان . وقام إيدورد بتوسيع نظام الحماية الذي بدأهُ الفريد . وبنى حصون جديدة مثلا في Hertford and Buckingham و حصنين في Bedford و Stamford
Timeline
900 - Edward the Elder, son of Alfred, crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames
901 - Edward the Elder takes the title "King of the Angles and Saxons"
913 - Edward the Elder recaptures Essex from the Danes
915 - Edward is accepted as overlord by Ragnald ruler of the Viking Kingdom of York
918 - Edward becomes ruler of Mercia following th edeath of his sister Aethlfleda
924 - Edward dies at Farndon-on-Dee near Chester leading an army against the Welsh. He is buried in Winchester
900 - Edward the Elder, son of Alfred, crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames
901 - Edward the Elder takes the title "King of the Angles and Saxons"
913 - Edward the Elder recaptures Essex from the Danes
915 - Edward is accepted as overlord by Ragnald ruler of the Viking Kingdom of York
918 - Edward becomes ruler of Mercia following th edeath of his sister Aethlfleda
924 - Edward dies at Farndon-on-Dee near Chester leading an army against the Welsh. He is buried in Winchester
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King Athelstan (924 - 940
Born: c.895Parents: Edward the Elder and Ecgywn
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: July 17, 924
Crowned: September 4, 925 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.30
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: October 27, 940 at Gloucester
Buried at: Malmesbury
Reigned for: 16 years, 3 months, and 10 days
ملك انجلترا من عام 924 الى 939 . ابن لـ ادورد الاكبر . ساعَد في توحيد انجلترا بحكمه لـ مدينتي Mercia و Wessex وهزم اجتياح السكوتلنديين و الاغريق ورجال من ستريثكلاد في مدينة Brunanburhعام 937 . وتغلب على مملكة الاسكندفيين المبنية في مدينة York وزود قوه الانجليز في حدود مدينتي Welsh و Scottish .
Timeline924 - Athelstan becomes King of Wessex and Mercia on the death of his father Edward the Elder.
926 - Athelstan annexes Northumbria, and forces the kings of Wales, Strathclyde, the Picts, and the Scots to submit to him
926 - Athelstan marries his sister to Sihtric the Viking King of York to cement his ties with the North
934 - Athelstan invades Scotland
937 - Battle of Brunanburh: Athelstan defeats alliance of Scots, Celts, Danes, and Vikings, and takes the title of King of all Britain
940 - Athelstan dies at Gloucester and is buried at Malmesbury.
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King Edmund ( 940 - 946
Born: c.922
Parents: Edward the Elder and Edgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: October 27, 940
Crowned: November 29, 940 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.18
Married: 1) Elgiva (2) Ethelfleda
Children: 2 sons Edwy and Edgar
Died: May 26, 946 at Pucklechurch near Bath (murdered)
Buried at: Glastonbury
Reigned for: 5 years, 6 months, and 28 days
Born: c.922
Parents: Edward the Elder and Edgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: October 27, 940
Crowned: November 29, 940 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.18
Married: 1) Elgiva (2) Ethelfleda
Children: 2 sons Edwy and Edgar
Died: May 26, 946 at Pucklechurch near Bath (murdered)
Buried at: Glastonbury
Reigned for: 5 years, 6 months, and 28 days
ملك انجلترا من عام 939 الى 946 (لمدة 7 سنوات ) ابن لـ ادورد الاكبر . خلف اخيه اثيلستان كملك في عام 939 . نجح في استعادة الحكم في Mercia و التى اقتربت من السقوط في ايدي السكان النرويجين في مدينة Northumbria and of the Five Boroughs, an independent confederation within the Danelaw. He then moved on to subdue the Norsemen in Cumbria and finally extended his rule as far as southern Scotland. As well as uniting England, he bolstered his authority by allowing St Dunstan to reform the Benedictine order. He was killed in 946 at Pucklechurch, Gloucestershire, by an outlawed robber
940Edmund becomes King. Sandinavina forces from Northumbria overun the East Midlands.
942 - Edmund re-establishes control over Northumbria and rules a united England.
943 - Edmund extends his rule into southern Scotland,
945 - Dunstan becomes abbot of Glastonbury Abbey
946 - Edmund killed at Pucklechurch
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943 - Edmund extends his rule into southern Scotland,
945 - Dunstan becomes abbot of Glastonbury Abbey
946 - Edmund killed at Pucklechurch
King Edred (946 - 955
Born: c.923
Parents: Edward the Elder and Edgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: May 26, 946
Crowned: August 16, 946 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.23
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: November 23, 955 at Frome, Somerset
Buried at: Winchester
Reigned for: 9 years, 5 months, and 28 days
King Edred was born in about 923 AD, a son of King Edward the Elder by his third marriage. He succeeded his brother, King Edmund I, in 946. Like both his elder brothers, Edred enjoyed military success over the Vikings. However, Edred was a strongly religious man with bad health (he had a stomach ailment and could barely eat). He died on November 23, 955, at Frome in Somerset, and was buried at Winchester. He was succeeded by his nephew, King Edwy
946 - Edred succeeds his brother Edmound
954 - Expulsion of Eric Bloodaxe, last Danish king of York
955 - Edred dies and is buried at Winchester
King Edwy (Eadwig) (955 - 959
Born: c.923
Parents: Edward the Elder and Edgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 30th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: May 26, 946
Crowned: August 16, 946 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.23
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: November 23, 955 at Frome, Somerset
Buried at: Winchester
Reigned for: 9 years, 5 months, and 28 days
King Edred was born in about 923 AD, a son of King Edward the Elder by his third marriage. He succeeded his brother, King Edmund I, in 946. Like both his elder brothers, Edred enjoyed military success over the Vikings. However, Edred was a strongly religious man with bad health (he had a stomach ailment and could barely eat). He died on November 23, 955, at Frome in Somerset, and was buried at Winchester. He was succeeded by his nephew, King Edwy
946 - Edred succeeds his brother Edmound
954 - Expulsion of Eric Bloodaxe, last Danish king of York
955 - Edred dies and is buried at Winchester
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Born: c.940
Parents: Edmund and Elgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 29th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: November 23, 955
Crowned: January 26, 956 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.15
Married: Ælgifu
Children: None
Died: October 1, 959 at Gloucester
Buried at: Gloucester
Reigned for: 3 years, 10 months, and 7 days
King 955-959. Reportedly murdered by Canute. Historians have not treated Eadwig well, and it is unfortunate for him that he ran afoul of the influential Bishop Dunstan early in his reign. Legend has it that his coronation had to be delayed while Dunstan dislodged him from a bed where he was lying between his sweetheart and her equally amorous Mother. Dunstan was, after that incident, never exactly a favorite of Eadwig's, and it may be fair to say that Eadwig even hated Dunstan, for he apparently exiled him soon after this. Eadwig went on to marry Ælgifu, the girl with whom he was keeping company at the time of Dunstan's intrusion. For her part, " the strumpet" was eventually referred to as among "the most illustrious of women", and Eadwig, in his short reign, was generous in making grants to the church and other religious institutions. He died when he was barely 20.
Parents: Edmund and Elgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 29th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: November 23, 955
Crowned: January 26, 956 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.15
Married: Ælgifu
Children: None
Died: October 1, 959 at Gloucester
Buried at: Gloucester
Reigned for: 3 years, 10 months, and 7 days
King 955-959. Reportedly murdered by Canute. Historians have not treated Eadwig well, and it is unfortunate for him that he ran afoul of the influential Bishop Dunstan early in his reign. Legend has it that his coronation had to be delayed while Dunstan dislodged him from a bed where he was lying between his sweetheart and her equally amorous Mother. Dunstan was, after that incident, never exactly a favorite of Eadwig's, and it may be fair to say that Eadwig even hated Dunstan, for he apparently exiled him soon after this. Eadwig went on to marry Ælgifu, the girl with whom he was keeping company at the time of Dunstan's intrusion. For her part, " the strumpet" was eventually referred to as among "the most illustrious of women", and Eadwig, in his short reign, was generous in making grants to the church and other religious institutions. He died when he was barely 20.
955 - Edwy crowned at Kingston-upon-Thames
956 - Dunstan sent into exile by Edwy
957 - Mercians and Northumbrians rebel against Edwy
959 - Edwy dies in Gloucester
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King of all England from 959. He was the younger son of Edmund I, and strove successfully to unite English and Danes as fellow subjects. In 973 Edgar of England marched his army north to Chester. His navy meets him there via the Irish Sea. This show of strength persuades the Northern Kings to submit to his overlordship. Legend says he is rowed across the Dee by Kings Kenneth of Alba, Malcolm of the Cumbrians, Magnus of Man & the Isles, Donald of Strathclyde, Iago of Gwynedd, Princes Hywel of Gwynedd, Ithel and Siferth . He recalled St. Dunstan from exile and made him Archbishop of Canterbury and his closest personal advisor. His reign was prosperous and peaceful and he is generally credited with the revival of the English church.King Edgar (959 - 975
Born: c.943
Parents: Edmund and Elgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 29th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: October 1, 959
Crowned: May 11, 973 at Bath Abbey, aged c.30
Married: (1) Ethelfleda, (2) Elfrida
Children: 3 sons including Edward and Ethelred, 1 illegitimate daughter
Died: July 8, 975 at Winchester
Buried at: Glastonbury
Reigned for: 15 years, 9 months, and 6 days
Born: c.943
Parents: Edmund and Elgiva
Relation to Elizabeth II: 29th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: October 1, 959
Crowned: May 11, 973 at Bath Abbey, aged c.30
Married: (1) Ethelfleda, (2) Elfrida
Children: 3 sons including Edward and Ethelred, 1 illegitimate daughter
Died: July 8, 975 at Winchester
Buried at: Glastonbury
Reigned for: 15 years, 9 months, and 6 days
959 - Edgar King of Mercia and Northumbria becomes King of all England.
965 - Westiminster Abbey is founded
973 - Northern Kings submit to Edgar at Chester
975 - Edgar dies at Winchester
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King Edward The Martyr (975 - 978Born: c.963
Parents: Edgar and Ethelfleda
Relation to Elizabeth II: half 28th great-granduncle
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: July 8, 975
Crowned: 975 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.13
Married: Unmarried
Children: None
Died: March 18, 978 at Corfe Castle (murdered)
Buried at: Wareham reburied Shaftesbury
Reigned for: 2 years, 8 months, and 10 days
Elder son of King Edgar, he succeeded to the throne as a boy of 12, and in so doing, aroused rival claims to the throne from his even younger half-brother, Aethelred II, the Unready. He was murdered by members of Aethelred's household at Corfe Castle in 978.
975 - Edward succeeds to the throne 978 - Edward the Martyr murdered at Corfe Castle
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King Aethelred II The Unready (978 - 1016
Born: c.968
Parents: Edgar and Ethelfleda
Relation to Elizabeth II: 28th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: March 18, 978
Crowned: April, 978 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.10
Married: (1) Elfleda, (2) Emma
Children: 9 sons including Edmund and Edward, and 4 daughters
Died: April 23, 1016 at London
Buried at: St Paul's
Reigned for: 38 years, 1 month, and 5 days
King of England from 978, following the murder of his half-brother, Edward the Martyr. He was son of King Edgar. Aethelred tried to buy off the Danish raiders by paying Danegeld. In 1002 he ordered the massacre of the Danish settlers, provoking an invasion by Sweyn I of Denmark.In 1013 King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark landed in England and was proclaimed king. Aethelred II the Unready fled to Normandy but was recalled in 1014 on the death of Sweyn. War with Sweyn's son, Canute, occupied the rest of Aethelred's reign. His nickname is a corruption of the Old English 'unreed', meaning badly counselled or poorly advised
978 - Aethelred, son of Edgar, becomes King of England following the murder of his half brother Edward
980 - Danes renew their raids on England attacking Chester and Southampton
985 - Sweyn I, Forkbeard, rebels against his father Harold Blue-tooth and deposes him
991 - Battle of Maldon: Byrhtnoth of Essex is defeated by Danish invaders; Aethelred II buys off the Danes with 10,000 pounds of silver (Danegeld)
992 - Aethelred makes a truce with Duke Richard I of Normandy
994 - Danes under Sweyn and Norwegians under Olaf Trygvesson sail up river Thames and besiege London; bought off by Aethelred
1002 - Aethelred orders a massacre of Danish settlers
1012 - The Danes raid Kent, burning Caterbury Cathedral and murdering Archbishop Alphege
1013 - King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark lands in England and is proclaimed king; Aethelred II the Unready flees to Normandy
1014 - The English recall Aethelred II the Unready as King on the death of Sweyn at Gainsborough
1015 - King Canute II of Denmark & Norway again invades England
Born: c.968
Parents: Edgar and Ethelfleda
Relation to Elizabeth II: 28th great-grandfather
House of: Wessex
Ascended to the throne: March 18, 978
Crowned: April, 978 at Kingston-upon-Thames, aged c.10
Married: (1) Elfleda, (2) Emma
Children: 9 sons including Edmund and Edward, and 4 daughters
Died: April 23, 1016 at London
Buried at: St Paul's
Reigned for: 38 years, 1 month, and 5 days
King of England from 978, following the murder of his half-brother, Edward the Martyr. He was son of King Edgar. Aethelred tried to buy off the Danish raiders by paying Danegeld. In 1002 he ordered the massacre of the Danish settlers, provoking an invasion by Sweyn I of Denmark.In 1013 King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark landed in England and was proclaimed king. Aethelred II the Unready fled to Normandy but was recalled in 1014 on the death of Sweyn. War with Sweyn's son, Canute, occupied the rest of Aethelred's reign. His nickname is a corruption of the Old English 'unreed', meaning badly counselled or poorly advised
978 - Aethelred, son of Edgar, becomes King of England following the murder of his half brother Edward
980 - Danes renew their raids on England attacking Chester and Southampton
985 - Sweyn I, Forkbeard, rebels against his father Harold Blue-tooth and deposes him
991 - Battle of Maldon: Byrhtnoth of Essex is defeated by Danish invaders; Aethelred II buys off the Danes with 10,000 pounds of silver (Danegeld)
992 - Aethelred makes a truce with Duke Richard I of Normandy
994 - Danes under Sweyn and Norwegians under Olaf Trygvesson sail up river Thames and besiege London; bought off by Aethelred
1002 - Aethelred orders a massacre of Danish settlers
1012 - The Danes raid Kent, burning Caterbury Cathedral and murdering Archbishop Alphege
1013 - King Sweyn Forkbeard of Denmark lands in England and is proclaimed king; Aethelred II the Unready flees to Normandy
1014 - The English recall Aethelred II the Unready as King on the death of Sweyn at Gainsborough
1015 - King Canute II of Denmark & Norway again invades England
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وكذا انتهينا من الحكام قبل تاسيس دولة بريطانيا من القرن السابع الى القرن التاسع وان شاء الله الرسالة القادمة حتكون تكملة عن الحكام
وكذا انتهينا من الحكام قبل تاسيس دولة بريطانيا من القرن السابع الى القرن التاسع وان شاء الله الرسالة القادمة حتكون تكملة عن الحكام
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